This paper uses DEA-Malmquist Model and Entropy to comprehensively evaluate the urbanization efficiency and economic development level in Anhui's 16 prefectures, and establishes a coupled model to measure the coupled coordination between urbanization efficiency and economic development in Anhui province. Changes in Anhui's urbanization efficiency which chiefly come from technical efficiency changes vary with city locations. Due to history, human resource capital, industry and policies, Anhui's economic development level also varies largely with areas. The coupling degree is generally poor between urbanization efficiency and economic development level with an unconspicuous interaction. So is their coupling coordination. It is necessary to increase the overall coupling coordination and minimize the regional gaps to promote a coordinated development between urbanization and economy in Anhui province.